Plumbing system



Nov. 22, 1927. 1,650,221

7 H. J. LUF F PLUMBING SYSTEM Original Filed Dec, 4, 1924 2 Sheets-Shee1 INVENTOR ATTORNE 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 .H. J. LUFF PLUMBING SYSTEM OriginalFiled Dec 4, 1

ATTOR Y Patented Nov. 22, 1927. I "i "'7'UNITEDTSTATES.

1,650,221 PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY J. L'UFF, 01f" CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIGNOR T FRUIN & WALKEB GOMPANY,OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

PLUMBING SYSTEM.

Application and necember 4, 192;, Serial no. 753,808. 'aenewea Ma a,1927.

Fig. 1 is an elevation of a-system embodying my improvements; Fig. 2 1sa section on line IIII of Fig. 1 showing thewaste connections; Fig. 3 isa partial vert cal section of the combined vent and waste stacks; F g. 4isa section on line IVIV of Fig. 3; Fig.

5 is a section on line VV of Fig. 4; Figs.

6 and 7 are sections on lines VIVI and VIIVII of Fig. 3; Figs. 8 and 9are modi-' 10 fied forms oftop floor fittingsyand Fig. 10 isa section ofa modified form of. a lower floor fitting. f

My invention relates tov new' and useful improvements in plumbingsystems and in fittings therefor. The object of my invention is to.provide fittings to be used to connect a vertical soil or. Waste pipetoa vent pipe of substantially the samediameter and tea series oflateral soil and waste branches leading from water closets, bat-h tubs,wash basins, or similar fixtures, which will effectuallyprevent thesiphonage of the seals of the fixture traps at the end of said 7 lateralbranches,"prevent back air pressure from disturbing the seals of saidfixture traps, and maintain an eflicient air circ'ula tion throughoutthe entire system. My invention also provides in the event that a stoppage occurs in said vertical soilor Waste 'pipe the connection betweenthe vertical waste and vent pipes will permit waste from fixtures at ahi'gherllevel to pass into anddown the vent pipeand will thus preventthe fixtures immediately, above the point of stoppage from overflowing.The connections between the wasteand vent pipeare, j however, arrangedat suchaleveli asto permit the waste to stand in'one ormore of thefixtures so as to indicate a stoppage.

My invention is designed'to reducefto a minimum the length of thelateral branches and the number of vent-pipes now found necessary topreventfthe siphonage of the seals of the fixture traps, andtoprevent 4back air pressure from disturbing the seals of said-fixture traps.

My invention also comprises the various featureshereinafter describedand claimed. Referring to the drawings, in which I have shownmy'invention applied to a twin stack system employing composite fittingswhich form parts of both the waste andv vent stacks, 2 indicates afitting formed to merge the lower ends of the waste and vent stacks andhaving atits upper end hubs 3 and 4 arranged for reception of the lowerends of the combination fitting 5, which has ciently above the wasteopenings 8 so that if ,the stack is clogged immediately below the wasteopenings8 the waste will back up in the lateral branches 8 and stand inone or more of the fixtures, such as the bath tub A, closet B or otherfixtures connected at this point, so that it will indicate a stoppage.The-cross section of the enlarged portion 9 of. thefitting 5 is such asto be equal to the combined normalcross'sectional area of the Wastestack and of the vent pipe; I have also indicated an opening 11 near thetop of the waste portion 6 of the fitting 5 for connection with a sinkor laundry tub.

Seating in the hubs of the fitting 5 is'the fitting 12, which hasvertical waste and vent portions 13 and 1 1, the waste portion 13 beingenlarged a short distance above its connectionto the fitting 5, and hasa waste opening 15 into the enlargement 15 through which the waste froma basin C maybe received. The fitting 12 likewise has in its upperportion a crossover or connection '16 between the waste and ventportions, which, is. arranged at a height so that in'event of stoppagein the lower end of the fitting 12 thewaste will overflow into the ventportion 1 1 onlyafter the waste has b'ackedup and has shown in'thebottom of the basin con-, nected through the opening 15", therebyindicating astoppage. f v 1 On thesucceeding floor level another fitting5' may be employed, which may be connected 'to the fitting 12 ordinarywaste and vent sections '17 and 18. The fitting 5 has waste openings 8for connecting withthe waste branches 8 from various fixtures, such asbath tub and closets.

For atop floor fitting I have shown'a'fitting 19 with a waste portion20,. and a vent I portion 21 which merges into the top of the wasteportion 20, which at its upper end is connected with the usual vent pipe23 to the.

roof. The soil portion is enlarged slightly f above its bottomconnection to the fitting 5 and receives in such enlarged portion 22 thewaste from a fixture such as a wash basin C, as shown. Also, theconnection between the vent and stack portions is such a height as toensure the showing of waste in the basin C in case of a stoppage belowthe point of entry of the basin waste and above the crossover connectionin the uppermost fitting 5.

The enlargements 9, 15 and 22, respectively, of the fittings 5, 12 and19 preferably have parallel walls which extend upwardly substantiallywithout interruption to a constriction in the region of the hub, andbecause of the enlarged area I have found it is not necessary to protectthe entrance of the waste openings into the stack with any mechanicaldeflecting means.

' It will therefore be seen that all of the lateral branches enter thefittings at points wherethewaste portions of the fittings are enlarged,thereby minimizing the possibility of self-siphonage of the fixturesconnected with such branches, and also that in the event of stoppage ator below the point of entry of the fixtures into such waste portions thecrossovers are so located that the stoppage will cause the waste to backup into'such fixtures and by showing therein will indicate that there isa stoppage. It will also be seen that the crossover connections provideadequate venting for the soil and waste branches of the fittings andthereby normally elimi nate the necessity of separate vent connectionswith the fixtures.

In Fig. 9 I have shown a modification of a top floor fitting and in Fig.10 a 1nodification of a lower floor fitting. Both of these fittings havevent openings 25 which are provided to receive vent connections fromfixtures which because they are attached upon waste branches of unusuallength may require separate vents. These fittings also have twocrossover connections 26 and 27 for the purpose of providing the maximumair circulation between vent and waste pipes.

The enlargement 28 in Fig. 10 is constricted at 29 to prevent thedescending column of waste from spreading out and atomizing and therebycausing siphonic action or back pressure. I

The terms and expressions which I have employed are used as terms ofdescription and not of limitation, and I have no intention, in the useof such terms and expressions, of excluding any mechanical equivalentsof the features shown and described, or portions thereof, but recognizethat vacombined normal cross sectional area of the waste and ventstacks, the enlargement having openings for waste from fixtures-andextending upwardly undiminished in size to a connection with the ventstack.

2. In a plumbing system, a plurality of vertically extending fittingscomprising sec 7 tions of waste and vent stacks, said waste stack havingopenings for fixture Waste branches leading thereinto, an air connectionbetween the two stacks, and an enlargement in a waste sectionsubstantially equal in cross section to the combined normal crosssectional area of the waste and vent stacks, the said enlargementextending from below said openings to the air connection between saidstacks. I

3. In a plumbing system, a plurality of vertically extending fittingscomprising integral sections of waste and vent stacks, at

least one of the waste sections having open:

ings for waste from fixtures, a passage communicating'with the ventstack, and an enlargement. extending from belowysaid openings upwardlyto the said passage.

at. In a plumbing system, a plurality of vertically extending fittingscomprisingintegral sections of waste and vent stacks of substantiallythe same diameter, at least one of said waste sections having anenlargement substantiallyequal in cross section to the combined normalcross sectional area of the waste and vent stacks, said enlargementhaving waste openings for the discharge from fixtures and a passagecommunicating with said vent section.

' 5. In a plumbing system, a plurality of vertically extending fittingscomprising integral sections each ofwhich forms a portion of a wastestack and a portion of a vent stack, and contains an air connectionbetween such stack, the waste portion having waste openings leadingthereinto from fix tures, the said air connection being at a heightbetween the tops and the bottoms of the fixtures connected through saidopenings to indicate by a showing of waste there-- in a stoppage in thewaste stack, While preventing the'overflowing of said fixtures;

HENRY J. LUFF.

